Insects & Spiders in 2026

Dead Leaf Butterfly Guide: A Complete Guide to the Dead Leaf Butterfly's Camouflage, Life Cycle, Habitat, Behavior, and Conservation in Tropical Fores by Hodges, Raphael

The Antlion Handbook: The Hidden Sand Predator and Its Ingenious Trap-Building Secrets by Frogley, Kassie

The Circle of Nature (World's Most Beautiful Butterflies) by Smith, Sterlyn

Gabinete de Curiosidades de Insectos by Escobar, Jorge Alberto Molina

Bugs in Your Neighborhood: A Field Guide to Your Local Insect Friends by Stadille, Patrick

The Ultimate Acrobat Ant Handbook: Secrets of Behavior, Survival Strategies, and the Hidden Life of One of Nature's Most Fascinating Insects by Frogley, Kassie

The Brilliance of Honeybees: How Bees Feed the World, And the Ways We Can Protect Them by Kelley, Laura Littlefield

The Jumping Spider Terrarium Construction Handbook: A Practical Step-by-Step Manual to Design, Display, and Manage a Jumping Spiders enclosure, Includ by McNeil, Edward J.

Bagworm Moth Caterpillar Handbook: The Complete Guide to Bagworm Moth Caterpillars: Identification, Life Cycle, Feeding Habits, Habitat, Plant Impact, by Noah, Oliver

Box-Headed Blood Bee Handbook: The Complete Guide to the Box-Headed Blood Bee: Identification, Behavior, Habitat, Nesting, Pollination, and Conservati by Noah, Oliver

Kids Bug Exploration Guide: A Step-by-Step Bug Study Adventure for Kids Featuring Scavenger Hunts, Experiments, and Nature Journaling. by Edwards, Joan

The Spiders of the World: An Encyclopedia of Spider Species, Identification, Behavior, Care, Ecology, Enclosure, and Captive Management by Bade, Kevin J.

The Complete Potato Beetle Handbook: A Practical Guide to Identification, Life Cycle, Crop Damage, Organic and Chemical Control, Integrated Pest Manag by Robinson, Margo D.

Red Knee Tarantula Handbook: The Complete Guide to Red Knee Tarantula Care: Housing, Feeding, Molting, Behavior, Health, and Raising a Calm, Hardy Exo by Robinson, Margo D.

5000 Facts About Bees and Honey by Moynahan, Robert

African Sugarcane Borer Handbook: The Complete Practical Guide To Identification, Field Diagnosis, Damage Prevention, And Long-Term Sustainable Contro by Williams, Emperor

Tiger Beetle Handbook: The Complete Guide To Species Identification, Behavior, Habitat, Conservation, And Field Observation - Discover The Beauty, Spe by Williams, Emperor

The Spider Keeper's Bible: The Ultimate Guide To Spider Care, Breeding, And Advanced Husbandry For Beginners And Enthusiasts by Williams, Emperor

The Tarantulas Keepers Bible: The Ultimate Guide To Care, Feeding, Housing, Breeding, And Long-Term Success For Beginners And Experienced Enthusiasts by Williams, Emperor

Wool Carder Bee: How To Attract, Observe And Conserve The Wool Carder Bee - A Garden Guide To Solitary Pollinators For Abundant Blooms, Native Biodive by Williams, Emperor

Carl Caterpillar: Becomes a Butterfly by Blevins, Karen Barber

The Infinite Approach Modern Dog Training and Polyvagal Insights by Beckler, Josh G.

The Ultimate Dragon Mantis Handbook: Camouflage, hunting tactics, evolution, behavior, and survival secrets of nature's most precise insect predator by Frogley, Kassie

Gooty Sapphire Tarantula: The Gooty Sapphire Tarantula: A Complete Guide to Its Biology, Behavior, Care, Habitat, Life Cycle, and Conservation by Kovach, Denis

Backyard Beekeeping for Beginners: The Step-by-Step Guide to Your First Thriving Hive, All-Season Colony Care, and a Sweet Honey Harvest Without the G by Goldner, Antonio

Trilobite Beetle: Trilobite Beetle: A Complete Guide to Its Biology, Behavior, Evolution, Habitat, Life Cycle, and Ecological Importance by Kovach, Denis

Beautiful Butterflies: Color-Your-Own Mindful Poster Art by

Beetles Handbook: A Complete Guide to Beetle Biology, Identification, Ecology, Care, and Practical Applications by M. Bolton, Frederick

Identification and Geographical Distribution of the Mosquitoes of North America, North of Mexico, Third Edition by Darsie, Richard F., Jr., Ward, Ronald A., Burkett-Cadena, Nathan Daniel

The Ultimate Horned Dung Beetle Handbook: A Complete Guide to Horned Dung Beetle Behavior, Habitat, Diet, Strength, Survival, Reproduction, and Ecosys by Frogley, Kassie

The Biscuit Kite Spider Handbook: The Complete Professional Guide to Gasteracantha Husbandry, Biological Engineering, Advanced Field Observation, and by Murphy, Raphael

Triangular Spider Biology: PROFESSIONAL GUIDE: A Comprehensive Professional Guide to the Evolution, Morphology, and Specialized Ambush Tactics of the by Murphy, Raphael

The Chrysilla Volupe Biology Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to the Evolution, Anatomy, and Behavioral Ecology of the World's Most Brilliant Jumping S by Murphy, Raphael

Beekeeping for Beginners: A Complete Step-by-Step Guide to Building Your Own Hive, Raising Healthy Colonies, Harvesting Honey, Avoiding Costly Mistake by Glenn, Thomas M.

Khapra Beetle as Pet: The Complete Guide To Keeping, Observing, And Safely Managing One Of The World's Most Fascinating And Rare Insects by Rains, Dorothy F.

Admiral Butterfly as Pet: A Complete Guide to Raising Admiral Butterflies: Care, Life Cycle, Feeding, Habitat Setup, Breeding, and Responsible Butterf by Rains, Dorothy F.

Cucumber Beetle as Pet: The Complete Beginner's Guide To Housing, Feeding, Care, Behavior, Breeding, And Long-Term Maintenance Of Healthy, Active Cucu by Rains, Dorothy F.

Flour Beetle Handbook: The Complete Guide To Identification, Prevention, Safe Elimination, And Long-Term Protection Of Stored Grain And Pantry Foods by Rains, Dorothy F.

Bed Bugs Handbook for Beginners: Understanding Bed Bug Behavior, Removal Techniques, And Long-Term Protection Methods For A Healthier, Stress-Free Liv by Rains, Dorothy F.

Huntsman Spider Handbook: The Complete Guide To Identification, Care, And Fascinating Behavior Of Huntsman Spiders For Enthusiasts, Pet Owners, And Ar by Rains, Dorothy F.

Camel Cricket Handbook for Beginners: The Complete Beginner's Guide To Housing, Feeding, Breeding, And Keeping Healthy Camel Crickets With Simple, Pra by Rains, Dorothy F.

Secrets of the Diving Bell Spider: Uncover the hidden underwater engineering, air-bubble survival systems, hunting strategies, and extraordinary adapt by Lewis, Alexander

Spittlebugs: Biology, Ecology, and Economic Impact by Thompson, Vinton

Blue Death Feigning Beetle Handbook: Complete Care, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Behavior, Breeding, and Long-Term Maintenance of Asbolus verrucosus by K. O. Whitmore, Adrian

The Complete Gooty Sapphire Tarantula Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Poecilotheria metallica Care, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Behavior, Molting, Bree by K. O. Whitmore, Adrian

Swallowtail Butterfly Handbook: Biology, Identification, Life Cycle, Habitat, Host Plants, Behavior, and Conservation of the World's Most Elegant Butt by K. O. Whitmore, Adrian

The Asian Longhorn Beetle Handbook: A Complete Guide to Anoplophora glabripennis Identification, Life Cycle, Host Trees, Forest Damage, Invasive Sprea by K. O. Whitmore, Adrian

The Complete Tick Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Tick Identification, Habitats, Bite Prevention, Disease Risks, Safe Removal, and Outdoor Protecti by Frogley, Kassie

Jumping Spiders Keeper's Handbook: An Essential Guide to Keeping Jumping Spiders with Expert Tips on Habitat, Feeding, Behavior, Health, and Advanced by O. D. Walken, Samuel

500 Fascinating Facts About Bees: Explore The Intricate World Of Tiny Winged Workers With Trivia For Kids And Adults by Oakenford, Arthur

The Good Bee: A Celebration of Bees - And How to Save Them by Benjamin, Alison, McCallum, Brian

Arachnomania: Spiders and the Cultural Work They Do for Us by Tatar, Maria

Jumping Spider Care Handbook: The Complete Beginner's Guide To Raising Healthy Jumping Spiders With Proper Enclosure Setup, Feeding, Molting Care, Han by Frazier, Mabel R.

The ASP Caterpillar Handbook: A Complete Guide to Identification, Venomous Stings, Symptoms, Habitat, Life Cycle, and Safety Awareness of the Puss Cat by M. Smith, Arden

Dragon Mantis Facts: Everything you need to know about raising, feeding, habitat setup, captive care, and understanding these leaf-mimicking predators by Moore, Freda M.

The Complete Mason Bee Handbook: Everything You Need to Know About Raising, Attracting, and Protecting Mason Bees for Natural Pollination, Healthy Gar by M. Smith, Arden

The Wild Facts, Beehive Vs Humanhive by Shah, Tajudeen

Bitter Honey: Big Ag's Threat to Bees and the Fight to Save Them by Durant, Jennie

The Complete Larder Beetle Handbook: A Complete Guide To Understanding Larder Beetle Behavior, Identification, Infestations, Prevention Methods, House by Nicholas, Lawrence

Armyworm Handbook: A Complete Guide To Understanding Armyworm Behavior, Life Cycle, Feeding Habits, Crop Damage, Identification, Prevention Methods, A by Nicholas, Lawrence

The First-Year Beekeeper's Field Guide: Starting Your First Hive, Caring for Bees, and Harvesting Honey by Ashcombe, Briarlen

Honeybees and their home: All hives ideas are not L.L. Langstroth's and not all bees are honeybees by Fischer, Dominique

Beautiful Bugs: A Curious Collection of Exquisite Insects by Bug in the Box

Insect Safari: Exploring the Wondrous World of Everyday Bugs by Patlak, Margie

The Complete Carrion Beetle Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Identification, Anatomy, Behavior, Ecology, Life Cycle, Scavenging Habits, and Their Es by Ashforde, Tristan

Green Bottle Blue Tarantula Handbook: A Complete Care Guide to Housing, Feeding, Handling, Health, Molting, Breeding, and Long-Term Success with Green by Ashforde, Tristan

Jumping Spider Keeper's Handbook: The Complete Guide to Housing, Feeding, Breeding, and Caring for Healthy and Active Jumping Spiders by D. Rennard, Caroline

Tarantulas for Beginners: A Complete Guide to Tarantula Care, Enclosure Setup, Feeding, Molting, Behavior, Species Selection, and Long-Term Success by Ashforde, Tristan

Monarch Butterflies Handbook: The Complete Guide to Raising, Feeding, Breeding, Conserving, and Caring for Healthy Monarch Butterflies from Caterpilla by D. Rennard, Caroline

The Complete Mayfly Guide: Anatomy, Behavior, Aquatic Ecosystems, and Environmental Survival. by Klug, Juliane

Ant Colony Care Guide: The Step-by-Step Practical Handbook for Beginners with Proven Strategies for Long-Term Success. by Klug, Juliane

The Complete Jumping Spider Care Bible: The Ultimate Guide to Jumping Spider Care and Ownership Through Proper Habitat Setup, Feeding, Handling, Enric by M. Dotson, Jordan

The Complete Mason Bee Care Bible: A Complete Guide to Raising and Supporting Mason Bees Through Proper Nesting, Habitat Development, Seasonal Managem by M. Dotson, Jordan

Insects and Diseases - A Popular Account of the Way in Which Insects may Spread or Cause some of our Common Diseases by Rennie W Doane

Facts About the Blue Morpho Butterfly for Kids: A Fun and Educational Guide to the Life, Habitat, and Amazing Features of One of Nature's Most Beautif by Snoopy, Piccolo

The Complete Butterflies Keeper's Bible: A Practical Guide to Identifying Butterflies, Understanding Their Life Cycles, Growing Host Plants, Creating by Stevenson, Ruth J.

Africanized Honey Bee Democracy Bible: The Complete Guide to Africanized Honey Bee Biology, Colony Democracy, Communication Systems, Swarming Behavior by Stevenson, Ruth J.

The Complete Black House Spider Handbook: The Ultimate Guide to Spider Identification, Webs, Behavior, Hunting Skills, Indoor Habitats, Ecology, and P by Stevenson, Ruth J.

The Complete Trapdoor Spider Handbook: The Ultimate Guide to its Behavior, Burrow Engineering, Hunting Strategies, Life Cycle, Habitat Adaptations, Su by Stevenson, Ruth J.

The Peppered Moth Handbook: A Complete Guide to Peppered Moth Identification, Life Cycle, Camouflage, Evolution, Behavior, Habitat, Ecology, Conservat by Owen, Alexander Jd

The Complete Oleander Hawk Moth Handbook: A Complete Guide to Oleander Hawk Moth Identification, Life Cycle, Migration, Feeding, Behavior, Habitat, Me by Owen, Alexander Jd

The Complete Tawny Mining Bee Handbook: A Complete Guide to Tawny Mining Bee Identification, Life Cycle, Nesting Behavior, Pollination, Habitat, Ecolo by Owen, Alexander Jd

Wasil Science: Why Did God Create Pests? by Wasil M. Ed, Joseph Paul-Staples

The Complete Pond Skater as Pet: Everything You Need to Know About Pond Skaters, Including Surface Locomotion, Hunting Strategies, Reproduction, Survi by Owen, Alexander Jd

Old House Borer Handbook: A Complete Guide to Identification, Life Cycle, Wood Damage, Infestation Prevention, Control Methods, Home Protection, and U by Owen, Alexander Jd

BRAMBLE-BEES AND OTHERS (Cram Edition) by Teixeira De Mattos, Alexander, Fabre, Jean-Henri

The Jumping Spider Bible: The Complete Guide to Jumping Spider Care, Behavior, Intelligence, Habitat, Feeding, Photography, Observation, and Exploring by Wythe, Arden

The Ultimate Spider Keeper's Handbook: Everything You Need to Know About Choosing, Housing, Feeding, Handling, Health Care, Breeding, and Long-Term Sp by Wythe, Arden

Field Guide to the Dragonflies and Damselflies of Great Britain and Ireland: Sixth Edition by Brooks, Steve, Cham, Steve

Common Butterflies of the Great Plains by Cech, Rick

The Complete Fireflies Handbook: A Practical Guide to Firefly Biology, Behavior, Bioluminescence, Habitat Conservation, Backyard Observation, and Unde by Wythe, Arden

Eleanor Ormerod, LL. D., Economic Entomologist: Autobiography and Correspondence (Cram Edition) by Wallace, Robert, Ormerod, Eleanor a. (Eleanor Anne)

On the Phenomena of Variation and Geographical Distribution as Illustrated by the Papilionidæ of the Malayan Region (Cram Edition) by Wallace, Alfred Russel

Stamp Collecting Album: Insects and other Small Creatures on Stamps from Around the World by Mahoney, C.

Goliath Birdeater Keeper's Handbook: The Complete Expert Guide to Care, Feeding, Housing, Breeding, Habitat, Diet, Interaction, and Advanced Husbandry by Donald, Michael D. O.

Jumping Spider Owner's Handbook: A Complete Guide to Jumping Spider Care, Enclosure Setup, Breeding, Feeding, Interaction, Molting, Habitat Conditions by Morgan, Logan O. D.

Tarantula Care Bible for Beginners: The Ultimate Tarantula Care, Breeding & Behavior Guide: Habitat Setup to Advanced Husbandry, Feeding, Health, Inte by Morgan, Logan O. D.

The Beekeeper's Manual: A Complete Guide to Raising Bees, Managing Hives and Harvesting Honey by Whitaker, Nolan

Bitten A Tick Survivor's Warning About the Growing Tick Crisis by Saterdal, Jennifer

Stings, Wings and Crawly Things by Wright, David

Entomology for Kids: A Complete Guide to Insects with Amazing Facts, Hands-On Activities, Nature Exploration, and Fun Science Learning by Wilson, Hogue

The professional beekeeper's handbook: Advanced techniques for hive management, disease control, and honey production by Shaw, Bertha

Le Prime Api: Guida per Chi Vuole Iniziare l'Apicoltura da Zero: Dalla scelta dell'arnia alla prima raccolta di miele, un percorso pratico per princip by Villa, Andrea

Honeybees: The Wonders of the Hive and How to Help Them Thrive by Fried, Henry, Trumble, Mary

Dragon Mantis Care Guide: The Ultimate Owner's Handbook for Enclosure Setup, Feeding, Molting, Breeding, Health Care, Behavior, and Long-Term Dragon M by Smart, O. S.

Spiny Flower Mantis Care Handbook: The Complete Guide to Habitat Setup, Feeding, Molting, Breeding, Health Care, Nymph Rearing, and Long-Term Mantis K by Smart, O. S.

Leaf Insect Care Handbook: The Complete Beginner-to-Expert Guide to Keeping Walking Leaf Insects, Building Naturalistic Terrariums, Feeding, Humidity by Smart, O. S.

Courtship and Mating in Butterflies by Cannon, Raymond J. C.

The Life of the Bee by Maeterlinck, Maurice

Mosquito Guide Handbook: The Complete Scientific Handbook for Understanding Mosquito Biology, Behavior, Ecology, Disease Transmission, Prevention, and by Allen, Mauricio

The Homeowner's Pest Playbook: What Actually Works Against the Bugs in Your House - and What You're Wasting Money On by Green, Mike

Butterflies of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians by Olcott, Susan P., Rucker, Casey B.

Insects 2027 Calendar by Patrick, B.

The Butterfly Who Dreamt He Was a Man: Metamorphoses, Entomological and Human by Sax, Boria

Liang Shaoji's Silkworm Art: Untangling Multispecies Craft by Xu, Feixuan

Southern House Spider Complete Care Guide: A Beginner's Guide to Enclosure Setup, Feeding, Hydration, Web Building, Molting, Behavior, Health, Breedin by William, James

Orb Weaver Spider Care Guide for Beginners: A Complete Handbook to Orb Weaver Identification, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Molting, Health, Breeding, Web-B by William, James

Wolf Spider Care Guide for Beginners: The Complete Practical Handbook to Wolf Spider Habitat Setup, Enclosure Design, Feeding, Hydration, Handling, Mo by William, James

Cuban Gold Tarantula Care Guide: The Complete Guide to Phormictopus auratus Housing, Enclosure Setup, Feeding, Molting, Behavior, Health, Handling Saf by William, James

Making Gardens for Insects and Other Wildlife: The Importance of Butterfly and Pollinator Plants and the Basics of Garden Design by Larson, Lenora, Albright, Amy

Backyard Beekeeping for Beginners: Set up one hive, inspect your colony, manage the first season, and prepare for winter without building a commercial by Press, The Hive Tool

A Naturalist's Guide to the Spiders of Borneo by Wong, Tsu Shi

The North American Butterfly Bible: A Complete Guide to Identify Butterflies with Confidence, Attract More to Your Outdoor Space & Enjoy a Relaxing Ho by Blake, Austin

The Complete Beekeeping Handbook: A Practical Guide to Honeybee Species, Apiary Setup, Hive Equipment, Feeding, Queen Management, Swarm Control, Pest by Knight, Maria J.

Vespidae of the Middle East (Hymenoptera): Hornets, Paper Wasps, Pollen Wasps, Potter Wasps, and Yellowjackets by

Butterflies of Florida Field Guide by Daniels, Jaret C.

The Language of Bees by Nieh, James C.

The Butterfly Season: What 64 Butterflies Taught Me about Nature's Great Mysteries and the Meaning of Life by Korsgaard, Lea

Dunblane and Stirling Beekeepers Association - A History by Peterson, Magnus

Honey Production for Beginners: From Hive to Market - A Beginner's Guide to Extraction, Quality Testing, and Selling Your Honey by Westcott, Marley

American Dog Tick Beginner's Handbook: A Practical Guide to Identification, Life Cycle, Hosts, Habitat, Seasonal Activity, Disease Risks, Bite Prevent by Grove, Silas

Common Furniture Beetle Handbook: A Practical Guide to Identification, Life Cycle, Wood-Boring Larvae, Damage Signs, Infestation Detection, Prevention by Grove, Silas

Asian Lady Beetle Handbook: A Complete Guide to Identification, Life Cycle, Feeding, Seasonal Behavior, Home Invasions, Beneficial Roles, Garden Impac by Grove, Silas

Cricket Farming for Beginners: A Practical Guide to Raising Crickets, Farm Setup, Breeding, Feeding, Managing Colonies, Harvesting, and Building a Pro by D. Ortega, Charles

Feathers of Glory by Reymond, Abraham

Smithsonian Handbook of Interesting Beetles by Barclay, Maxwell

Blue Death Feigning Beetle Handbook: A Complete Beginner's Guide to Care, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Handling, Health, Breeding, and Raising Healthy Blue by H. Fairmont, Dominic

Gooty Sapphire Tarantula Handbook: A Complete Beginner-to-Expert Guide to Housing, Feeding, Molting, Health, Safe Handling, Breeding, Spiderling Care, by H. Fairmont, Dominic

The Complete Scorpion Handbook Collection - 5 Books in 1: A Comprehensive Guide to Scorpion Care, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Behavior, Health, Safety, an by O. D. Paul, Julian

The Complete Tarantula Handbook Collection - 5 Books in 1: A Comprehensive Guide to Tarantula Care, Habitat Setup, Feeding, Health, Behavior, Safety, by O. D. Paul, Julian

The Mosquito That Knows Your Address: Breaking Dengue's Household Cycle by Petchinsky, Matthew

Beekeeping for Beginners: A Simple Guide to Raising Healthy Honey Bees, Harvesting Honey, and Managing Your First Hive by Brookfield, Owen

The Complete Jumping Spider Handbook: A Complete Guide to Jumping Spider Care, Feeding, Habitat, Handling, Health, Molting, Enrichment, Breeding, and by J. Elias, Austin

Bumblebees of Northeastern Montcalm County: Field Guide, Local Study, and Survey for Richland, Home, Ferris, and Day Townships by Breidinger, Michael

Stingless Bee Keeping for Beginners: A Complete Guide to Tropical Stingless Beekeeping - Pot Honey Harvesting, Propolis Collection, Simple Hive Design by Westcott, Marley

The Book of Bees: A Life-Size Guide to Bees Worldwide by

Amazing World of Bees: Bee Biology, Hive Intelligence, Honey Secrets, Pollination, Conservation, and Extraordinary Survival Strategies Explained by Lucchesi, Fabiano M.

Papa Moth and All His Friends: A Walk in the Wild with the Moth and the Turtle by Mark Sander, Donald

Monarchs by Rojo, Jaime

Ants Farming Handbook: The Ultimate Guide to Ant Colonies, Queen Care, Formicarium Setup, Nutrition, Breeding, Health, and Advanced Ant Keeping by P. Westcott, Adrian

The Complete Guide to Butterflies: How to Identify, Observe, and Attract Butterflies to Your Garden by Westbrook, Elara

The Ultimate Black Widow Spider Biology Handbook: COMPLETE BIOLOGY: A Detailed Reference to Black Widow Natural History, Species Diversity, Predatory by Everhart, Raphael

The Complete Diving Bell Spider Handbook: AQUATIC SPIDER ESSENTIALS: Everything You Need to Know About Diving Bell Spider Behavior, Underwater Surviva by Everhart, Raphael

Pink Orchid Mantis Guide: CARE AND BREEDING: Everything You Need to Know About Pink Orchid Mantis Behavior, Camouflage, Hunting, Nutrition, Health, Re by P. Cole, Jeffrey

Piping Hot Bees and Boisterous Buzz-Runners: 20 Mysteries of Honey Bee Behavior Solved by Seeley, Thomas D.

Honey Bee Biology by Johnson, Brian R.

Museum Mosaics: Butterflies of the Smithsonian by Weldon Owen

Insect Day: A Story of 24 Hours and 24 Hexapod Lives by McAlister, Erica

The Book of Beetles, Second Edition: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred of Nature's Gems by

Tiny Titans: The Silent Keepers of Our Ecosystem by

The Social Wasps of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean, Second Edition by Kratzer, Chris Alice

Firefly by Cherchi Usai, Paolo

Translational Chemical Ecology: Bridging Mechanisms and Applications by Munawar, Asim, Ali, Jamin